Under the assumption that the brain produces thinking, we would expect that neurons would fire much more often when a person is awake than when he was asleep. The reality is a very embarrassing one for "brains make minds" claimants. The reality is that neurons are continually active, firing between about 1 to 200 times per second. This activity continues full-blast during sleep, without any major decrease in the firing rates of neurons. Asking Google "what kind of diurnal variations are there in neural firing rates?" I get an AI overview answer that includes this statement referring to neurons: "the average firing rates of excitatory pyramidal populations (such as in the hippocampus) remain remarkably static and stable across the 24-hour period, independent of sleep states."
The graph below is from the scientific paper here, entitled "Neuronal firing rates diverge during REM and homogenize during non-REM." We see neural firing rates in the hippocampus of rats during short periods of rapid-eye movement (REM) sleep, during long periods of non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep (shown underneath the blue bars), and during some short periods of being awake (shown underneath the orange bars). The firing rates all look the same.
The same paper gives us this graph showing neuron firing rates in the cortex. We see neural firing rates in the cortex during short periods of rapid-eye movement (REM) sleep (shown underneath the short purple bars), during long periods of non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep (shown underneath the blue bars), and during some short periods of being awake (shown underneath the orange bars). The firing rates look pretty much the same in sleep and wakefulness. The highest spikes occur not during wakefulness but during REM sleep.
The graph below (from the paper here) shows no appreciable difference between neural firing rates of awake rats and neural firing rates of asleep rats. The "hz" on the side stands for "hertz," and 1 hertz means I time per second. In both asleep rats and awake rats, neurons firing at an average rate of about 1 time per second,
Below is a graph from the scientific paper here, entitled "Increased neuronal firing in resting and sleep in areas of the macaque medial prefrontal cortex." We see neural firing rates in a monkey during sleep (the shaded areas) and during an awake state. The neurons are firing more frequently during sleep than during the wake state.
This data makes no sense under the idea that your brain makes your mind and the idea that your brain stores your memories. Why would the hippocampus (claimed wrongly to be "the memory center" of the brain) keep firing its neurons at the same rate when you are awake (and need to be continually creating memories) as when you are asleep (when you are not creating important memories, are not receiving sensory inputs and you are not thinking)? Why would the cortex (wrongly claimed to be the "thinking center" of your brain) fire its neurons more often during sleep (when someone is not thinking) than during wakefulness?




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